C# Agent Skills 入门指南：从零构建智能代理系统

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在当今自动化需求日益增长的环境中，Agent 技术因其能够自主感知环境、做出决策并执行任务而变得越来越重要。对于 C#开发者来说，.NET 生态提供了强大的工具和框架来构建健壮的 Agent 系统。本文将带你从零开始，使用 C# 构建一个智能代理系统。

意图识别是 Agent 理解用户请求的核心能力。它通过自然语言处理技术将原始输入转换为结构化意图。

有效的上下文管理使 Agent 能够记住对话历史和环境状态，为多轮交互提供基础。

技能编排是指 Agent 根据识别出的意图，选择和组合适当技能来完成任务的能力。

安装.NET 6+ SDK
创建新控制台应用项目
添加必要 NuGet 包：

dotnet add package Microsoft.Extensions.Logging
dotnet add package Newtonsoft.Json

public abstract class AgentBase
{protected ILogger Logger { get;}

    protected AgentBase(ILogger logger)
    {Logger = logger;}

    public abstract Task<AgentResponse> ProcessAsync(AgentRequest request);
}

public class SimpleAgent : AgentBase
{
    private readonly List<IAgentSkill> _skills;

    public SimpleAgent(ILogger<SimpleAgent> logger, IEnumerable<IAgentSkill> skills) 
        : base(logger)
    {_skills = skills.ToList();
    }

    public override async Task<AgentResponse> ProcessAsync(AgentRequest request)
    {
        try
        {
            // 意图识别和技能选择逻辑
            var skill = _skills.FirstOrDefault(s => s.CanHandle(request.Intent));

            if (skill == null)
            {return AgentResponse.CreateFailed("No matching skill found");
            }

            return await skill.ExecuteAsync(request);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {Logger.LogError(ex, "Error processing agent request");
            return AgentResponse.CreateFailed(ex.Message);
        }
    }
}

public class WeatherSkill : IAgentSkill
{public bool CanHandle(string intent) => intent == "weather_query";

    public async Task<AgentResponse> ExecuteAsync(AgentRequest request)
    {var location = request.Parameters["location"];
        // 模拟 API 调用
        var weather = await GetWeatherAsync(location);

        return AgentResponse.CreateSuccess(new 
        {
            Temperature = weather.Temperature,
            Condition = weather.Condition
        });
    }

    private async Task<WeatherData> GetWeatherAsync(string location)
    {
        // 实际项目中这里会调用天气 API
        await Task.Delay(100); // 模拟网络延迟
        return new WeatherData
        {
            Temperature = 22.5,
            Condition = "Sunny"
        };
    }
}

public class ScheduleSkill : IAgentSkill
{public bool CanHandle(string intent) => intent == "schedule_meeting";

    public async Task<AgentResponse> ExecuteAsync(AgentRequest request)
    {var time = DateTime.Parse(request.Parameters["time"]);
        var participants = request.Parameters["participants"].Split(',');

        // 业务逻辑处理
        var meetingId = Guid.NewGuid();

        return AgentResponse.CreateSuccess(new 
        {
            MeetingId = meetingId,
            ScheduledTime = time
        });
    }
}

public class AgentContext
{private readonly Dictionary<string, object> _data = new();

    public T Get<T>(string key) where T : class
    {return _data.TryGetValue(key, out var value) ? value as T : null;
    }

    public void Set(string key, object value)
    {_data[key] = value;
    }
}

public class ContextAwareAgent : AgentBase
{
    private readonly AgentContext _context;

    public ContextAwareAgent(ILogger<ContextAwareAgent> logger, AgentContext context) 
        : base(logger)
    {_context = context;}

    public override async Task<AgentResponse> ProcessAsync(AgentRequest request)
    {
        // 使用上下文增强请求处理
        var lastInteraction = _context.Get<DateTime>("LastInteraction");
        _context.Set("LastInteraction", DateTime.UtcNow);

        // 其余处理逻辑...
    }
}

确保技能实现是线程安全的
考虑使用 SemaphoreSlim 限制并发度
避免共享可变状态

public async Task<AgentResponse> ExecuteWithTimeoutAsync(IAgentSkill skill, AgentRequest request, TimeSpan timeout)
{using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(timeout);
    try
    {return await skill.ExecuteAsync(request, cts.Token);
    }
    catch (OperationCanceledException)
    {return AgentResponse.CreateFailed("Operation timed out");
    }
}